The Early Neoproterozoic Andean-Type Orogenic and Within-Plate Magmatic Events in the Northern Margin of the Yangtze Craton during the Convergence of the Rodinia Supercontinent

Although considered a crucial component of the Rodinia supercontinent, it remains uncertain how the Yangtze craton relates to the accretion and breakup of Rodinia. Here, the Huanglingmiao granitic complex (HGC), an intermediate-acid rock series that intruded on the southern Kongling terrane of the northern Yangtze craton margin, is investigated to help resolve this conundrum. Our analysis indicates that these rocks consist of tonalite, trondhjemite, granodiorite, oligoporphyritic granodiorite, porphyric biotite granodiorite, and fine- to medium-grained granodiorite dyke compositions. Collectively, this assemblage is further subdivided into two categories by their temporal, spatial, and geochemical features into early TTG-like and later granitic-dioritic units, which are composed of tonalite, trondhjemite, granodiorite, porphyritic granodiorite, and the fine- to medium-grained granodiorite dykes, respectively. Zircon U-Pb dating yields ages of 865 similar to 850 Ma for the TTG-like rocks, 844 similar to 825 Ma for the porphyritic granodiorites, and similar to 800 Ma for the granodiorite dykes. Combined with geochemical evidence, the data suggest that the early- and late-series rocks were formed by a partial melting of Mesoproterozoic and Paleoproterozoic crustal materials, respectively, suggesting that the vertical layering of the crust controlled the composition of the independent units. In addition, isotopic evidence points to different sources for the various rocks in the Kongling terrane and that mantle-derived materials influenced the early-series lithologies. Combined with previous studies on the northern margin of the Yangtze craton, it is inferred that the early-series rocks formed in an active continental margin environment, while the late-series rocks display within-plate boundary formation characteristics. The multiple magmatic activities revealed by this study record sequential partial melting with tectonic transition characteristics from an Andean-type to within-plate magmatism in the northern margin of the Yangtze craton. Taken together, these observations point to a strong association between these rocks, convergence, and incorporation of the northern Yangtze craton margin into the Rodinia supercontinent during the Tonian Period.