IoV block secure: blockchain based secure data collection and validation framework for internet of vehicles network

In the expanding field of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) where network communication meets technology there is a pressing need, for robust data management and security. This study introduces IoVBlockSecure a protocol based on technology that aims to ensure collection and validation of data within the dynamic and decentralized realm of vehicle networks. The primary objective of IoVBlockSecure is to enhance data security, integrity, efficiency, and scalability in IoV. It achieves this through the utilization of smart contracts advanced blockchain technology and consensus protocol. The framework tackles scalability challenges by integrating both off chain and on chain data storage solutions thereby boosting the security and reliability of data from roadside units (RSUs) and vehicles. Additionally IoVBlockSecure incorporates techniques, a unique consensus mechanism, and a sequential numbering system for data points to optimize data processing and validation. Furthermore, the framework demonstrates its adaptability and operational efficiency by implementing Layer 2 solutions for off chain activities. Comprehensive performance evaluations were conducted to assess aspects such as fault tolerance, data integrity, security measures effectiveness, transaction latency, system throughput, consensus efficacy, and block processing time, across node counts and operational loads. The evaluations conducted confirm that the model is robust and effective demonstrating capabilities, in processing blocks and achieving consensus when transaction latencies increase and system throughputs vary. The framework shows resilience and reliability achieving levels of data integrity, security, and fault tolerance. While these findings validate the potential of IoVBlockSecure in meeting the demands of IoV networks they also highlight areas for improvement in optimizing throughput and latency for optimal performance.