Surgical treatment may improve depressive and hysterical traits in temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis: Study using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

Aim: The influence of surgeries on psychiatric symptoms and personality traits is not well known in patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). We investigated changes in personality traits with respect to postoperative seizure outcomes, etiology, side of surgery, and sex differences. Methods: Clinical information was retrospectively collected for 44 patients whose Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was examined before and 1 year after surgical treatment for drug-resistant TLE. Postoperative changes in MMPI T-scores were analyzed using a paired t-test. Participants were divided into two groups based on postoperative seizure outcome, the presence or absence of hippocampal sclerosis (HS) as the etiology, side of surgery, and sex differences. The effect of these clinical factors on postoperative changes in MMPI T-scores was evaluated using analysis of covariance (P-values < 0.05). Results: The hypochondria (Hs) scale decreased significantly in all patients (p = 0.022). The postoperative seizure-free group had a significant decrease in the depression (D) scale (p = 0.037). The HS group had significant decreases in the D scale and the hysteria (Hy) scale (p = 0.016 and 0.004, respectively), and a significant increase in the masculinity-femininity (Mf) scale (p = 0.009). No significant differences existed between the sides of surgery or sex. Conclusion: Depressive traits were improved in patients with postoperative seizure freedom. Depressive and hysterical traits were improved in patients with HS, which may be attributed to a reduction in anxiety and fear associated with aura. Most personality traits are not significantly changed or exacerbated by surgical treatment of TLE.