Postnatal cytomegalovirus infections did not alter amplitude-integrated electroencephalography signals or general movements in preterm infants

Aim: Controversy prevails about whether postnatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. We aimed to investigate whether amplitude- integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) signals and General Movement Assessment (GMA) scores differed in very preterm infants with postnatal CMV infections. Methods: This was a retrospective single- centre study, conducted at Innsbruck Medical University Hospital, Austria, between February 2011 and November 2018. We screened 461 infants born before 32 weeks of gestation for CMV infections. Their aEEG signals were analysed for the distribution of background activity patterns and their total maturation scores and component scores. The GMA was peformed at 36 weeks of postmenstrual age, term- equivalent age and 3 months of corrected age. Results: We studied 20 infants (55% male) with postnatal CMV infections, born at a mean gestational age of 28.1 (25.3-30.7) weeks and a mean birth weight of 1064 (640-1600) grams. No differences were found in the aEEG signals or GMA scores between these infants and 441 uninfected controls. Conclusion: Preterm infants with postnatal CMV infections showed no alterations in neonatal aEEG signals or GMA scores, compared with the uninfected controls. Longer follow- up studies are needed to evaluate the effect of postnatal cytomegalovirus infections on later neurodevelopmental outcomes.