The effect of household characteristics and sustainable land management on crop productivity in Dhaka Bora watershed, upper Awash river basin of Ethiopia

Land degradation, climate change, poverty, and inappropriate land management pose significant challenges to food security and rural development in developing countries like Ethiopia. The main aim of this study is to investigate the impact of household characteristics and sustainable land management practices on crop productivity in the Dhaka Bora watershed. By understanding how different factors influence the adoption of improved technologies and the effect of sustainable land management practices on crop productivity, it aims to provide valuable insights and recommendations for policy makers and practitioners. These recommendations can promote appropriate technology interventions that enhance crop productivity within the watershed. To achieve this, we collected both quantitative and qualitative data from sampled households representing the watershed area using multistage random sampling approach. Data analysis employed descriptive and econometric statistical methods, shedding light on the study's nature and objectives. Specifically, multiple linear regression approach is utilized to identify the drivers of crop yields. This analysis considered socioeconomic factors, farmers' perceptions, and sustainable land management (SLM) variables. The study findings revealed that most households had limited formal education, leading to low crop productivity and increased food insecurity. Several factors positively and significantly influenced crop productivity. These included household characteristics such as farming experience, farmland size, fertilizer use, and the implementation of SLM practices like bunds, cut-off drains, and gully rehabilitation. These correlated variables play a crucial role in enhancing crop yield and food security in the watershed. In summary, the study recommends policy implications and intervention strategies to improve crop productivity and address food security challenges. By emphasizing these positively and significantly correlated factors, we can foster sustainable agricultural practices and livelihoods in the Dhaka Bora watershed.