Entrepreneurial Orientation in Faith-Based Nonprofit Organizations: The Crucial Role of Collaboration, and Interpersonal and Managerial Skills

The Pontifical Missionary Society in Indonesia (PMSI), a Roman Catholic nonprofit organization, has operated in Indonesia for over 100 years in 37 dioceses with their own geographical and demographic challenges. Using an entrepreneurial orientation framework, in-depth interviews with the national director and thirty diocesan directors reveal that they apply entrepreneurship techniques in their mission work. In addition, this study reveals the importance of collaboration, and interpersonal and managerial skills in work programs. Aside from making theoretical contributions on the topic of entrepreneurship in nonprofit organizations, practical recommendations are also given as a guide for managers or practitioners working in similar situations.