Design and Development of Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor for Early Detection of Cervical Cancer Utilizing Nucleus and Cytoplasm

Cervical cancer is a significant risk to women's lives, and early detection is crucial to secure patient quality of life. Currently, doctors' diagnosis relies on their subjective assessments, as there is no standardized measuring method. The problem can be solved with the optical biosensor as it provides precise and quick consequences in the determination of cancerous cells. This manuscript presents a novel double c-shaped copper-based refractivity biosensor (DCSCRIB) for the recognition of cervical nucleus as well as cervical cytoplasm cells. The double c-shaped copper-based resonator provides high spatial resolution, upper sensitivity, and upper-quality factor making them for novel choice to detect the nucleus and cytoplasm of cervical cancer. The upper sensitivity (S) has been spotted at 1600 nm/RIU for the cervical nucleus with the upper-quality factor (QF) being 1618.37 for the cervical cytoplasm. The upper rate of the figure of merit (FOM) is 1107.18, the detection area (DR) rate is 1925.17, the signal noise ratio (SNR) rate is 33.2155, and the sensor resolution (SR) rate is 0.93 which has been spotted of cervical cytoplasm. The upper detection limit of 0.0004 has been achieved for the natural cytoplasm. This propounded sensor can highly intellect the cervical cancer biomarkers.