Innovative assessment of reactivity in fly ash: The role of particle size distribution characteristics

The relationship between the intrinsic properties of seven different types of fly ash and the compressive strength of the resulting geopolymers was investigated. A comprehensive examination of the effect of chemical and mineralogical compositions, particle size distribution, on the compressive strength of the fly ash-based geopolymers were performed. Results revealed that particle size distribution had a more significant impact on reaction activity than amorphous phase content or average particle size alone. Therefore, a novel concept of 'reaction volume' based on the geo-polymerization reaction mechanism was proposed, which reveals a high correlation between the reactivity of fly ash and the compressive strength of geopolymers, thereby enhancing the predictability of the process. The degree of reactivity, formulated through the integration of reaction volume and amorphous silica-aluminum content, was identified as a robust predictor of compressive strength, which can serve as a crucial tool for evaluating fly ash for the production of alkali-activated materials.