The "Smile Design and Space" Concept for Altering Vertical Dimension of Occlusion and Esthetic Restorative Material Selection

Objective: This article introduces the smile design and space (SDS) concept for managing the vertical dimension of occlusion (VDO) in full-mouth reconstructions and its influence on the selection of esthetic restorative materials. Limitations of traditional VDO adjustment methods are being addressed through a facially driven treatment approach that enhances esthetics improves function and minimizes invasiveness. Clinical Considerations: The SDS concept involves detailed evaluations of the incisal edges of the maxillary central incisors in relation to the upper lip at rest and at full smile. This includes analyzing variations in incisal exposure due to differing lip mobility, which can significantly impact gingival esthetics, particularly in cases with gingival exposure during smiling. The concept employs a strategic formula to determine the necessary alterations in VDO based on specific dental relationships and wear patterns. Conclusions: The SDS concept provides guidelines for full-mouth reconstructions, emphasizing minimal invasiveness and the integration of esthetics with functional dynamics to enhance the predictability of clinical outcomes and reduce complications associated with traditional restoration techniques. Clinical Significance: The SDS concept enhances the precision of full-mouth reconstructions through individualized adjustment of the VDO, tailored to the esthetic and functional requirements of each patient.