Mechanics of surface deformations in rigid bodies

Studying surface deformations in solids is crucial for advancing science and technology, informing material development, structural design and process enhancement. The purpose of study is to review and analyse the mechanics of surface deformations in rigid bodies in order to identify their features and develop new methods for describing and predicting such deformations. The study analysed theoretical models and experimental approaches to study surface deformation; among the methods used, the analytical method, classification method and synthesis method should be noted. In the study, the following parameters and aspects related to surface deformation in rigid bodies were investigated: material response to plastic deformation, mechanical properties, surface deformation characteristics, extent of deformation and behaviour under small deformations. The study investigates the impact of plastic deformation on the crystal structure of materials, focusing on grain boundary structure, dislocation motion and stacking faults. The main results of the study are the identification of the relationship between mechanical stress and surface deformation in rigid bodies. It was found that high mechanical stress leads to a change in the crystal structure of the material on the surface, which, in turn, affects its mechanical properties. Also, the results of the study are the establishment of relationships between the parameters of materials and the amount of surface deformation, as well as the identification of physical laws governing this process.