An evaluation of conceptual frameworks to improve reproductive health outcomes among women with physical disabilities

Aim(s)To identify and evaluate conceptual frameworks intended to guide reproductive health research among women with physical disabilities.DesignDiscussion paper.MethodsWe identified and evaluated frameworks related to the reproductive health of women with physical disabilities using modified criteria by Fawcett and DeSanto-Madeya with constructs from the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health.Data SourcesWe conducted a systematic review of literature published from 2001 to 2024 in four databases.ResultsOur review revealed two frameworks: (1) A perinatal health framework for women with physical disabilities is applicable to studies that consider multiple socioecological determinants in pregnancy; (2) A conceptual framework of reproductive health in the context of physical disabilities can guide the development of patient-reported outcome measures for a range of reproductive health outcomes.ConclusionThe identified frameworks have high potential to guide studies that can improve the reproductive health of women with physical disabilities. However, they have low social congruence among racially and ethnically minoritized women.Implications for NursingFuture frameworks must take an intersectional approach and consider the compounding injustices of ableism, racism, classism and ageism on reproductive health. A holistic approach that is inherent to the discipline of nursing is essential to address these knowledge gaps.ImpactThe reproductive health of women with disabilities is a research priority. Nurses and other researchers can select the framework most applicable to their research questions to guide study designs and should incorporate multi-level determinants to eliminate reproductive health disparities.