A framework to model freeze/thaw-induced crack propagation in concrete based on a fatigue phase-field method

Concrete structures in cold regions are exposed to harsh environmental conditions, including freeze-thaw cycles, which lead to frost damage and degradation. Accurate simulation of the freeze-thaw damage process is essential for assessing concrete structures' performance and service life. This paper presents a novel approach for simulating microcracks propagation in concrete during freeze-thaw cycles based on a fatigue phase -field model, in which a fatigue degradation function is introduced in the energy functional. The commercial software COMSOL is employed to implement the proposed model using a segregated scheme. The proposed model is validated against experimental results presented in the literature. Additionally, three cases are studied to get insight into the freeze-thaw damage. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the fatigue phase -field model in capturing crack propagation in concrete under freeze- thaw cycles. The developed model offers valuable insights for assessing and designing concrete structures in cold regions.