An improved energy wear model of three-dimensional ball-plane contact structure and its fretting wear dynamic behaviors study

This paper proposes a method that combines the finite element method with an improved energy wear model to establish a three-dimensional (3D) ball -plane contact structures fretting wear model. The correctness of the model was verified by Hertz contact theory and fretting wear experiments. Then, the fretting wear dynamic behaviors of 3D ball -plane contact structures were investigated in detail. The results show that when the contact structure is in the partial slip regime (PSR), the cross-sectional wear scar profile changes from the "W" shape to the "U" shape along the fretting direction. When the contact structure is in the gross slip regime (GSR), the crosssectional wear scar profile always maintains a "U" shape along the fretting direction. In addition, it was also found in the study that when the contact structure is at GSR under a low normal load or PSR under a high normal load, it will help reduce wear. This study can provide significant theoretical guidance for reducing and protecting fretting wear in contact structures.