Service providers and program managers' perspectives on household waste segregation in Ujjain, India

Improper disposal of household waste adversely affects both the environment and human health. Effective household waste segregation relies on the collaboration of program managers, service providers, and household members. This study focused on service providers' and program managers' perspectives on household waste segregation in India. We conducted 25 semi-structured interviews with 13 program managers and 12 service providers in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed, translated and analyzed through thematic analysis. Three key themes emerged: 1) Optimizing household waste segregation-observations from service providers and program managers, 2) Navigating the current landscape of household waste segregation, and 3) Unveiling the driving forces behind household waste segregation. Participants emphasized the need for a comprehensive strategy integrating incentives, community education, and engagement, along with the development of adequate infrastructure. Building provider-resident trust, equipping facilities, and ensuring timely waste collection were identified as crucial for public compliance. Program managers and service providers also stressed the importance of targeted educational interventions to enhance waste segregation skills through proactive community engagement.