Constructing sustainable halal tourism composite performance index for the global halal tourism industry

This study constructs a Sustainable Halal Tourism Composite Performance Index (SHTCPI) to evaluate the progress of the global halal tourism industry from a sustainable tourism perspective. To create the SHTCPI, this study uses four dimensions (environment, social, economic, and halal tourism) and 24 indicators covering the 2010 to 2020 period and 116 countries. The findings suggest that halal tourism is still in the development stage. Interestingly, most of the Muslim-majority countries are far behind the top score. The developed SHTCPI will guide policymakers and destination managers to formulate strategic policies for more sustainable halal tourism development.