Stretchable rubber composites with lower hysteresis losses, improved magnetic effect, and a robust magnetic sensitivity

The stretchable materials exhibit various challenges such as high hysteresis losses, lower magnetic effect, and less magnetic sensitivity. In this work, we design and fabricate stretchable magnetic-rheological elastomers based on silicone rubber with robust magnetic sensitivity and lower hysteresis losses. The nanofillers used were carbon black (CB), and electrolyte iron particle (EIP). The stretchable materials obtained show an anisotropic effect of up to 165%. Moreover, the hysteresis losses were 0.4 kJ (control), 2.45 kJ (15 phr of CB), 0.58 kJ (60 phr of EIP), and 3.53 kJ (60 phr of hybrid filler system). The compressive modulus was 1.4 MPa (control), 3.76 MPa (15 phr of CB), 2.1 MPa (60 phr of EIP), and 3.9 MPa (60 phr of hybrid filler system). The fracture strain was 164% (control), 160% (15 phr of CB), 100% (60 phr of EIP), and 139% (60 phr of hybrid filler system). To sum up, the CB shows robust mechanical properties with high stretchability. However, the hybrid filler system shows high stiffness with a higher magnetic response. Finally, EIP-filled composites show optimum stiffness and robust magnetic response force.