Arctic Governance for the Climate Change Coalition and Its Alternatives

Global society's discussion on the climate change of the Arctic Ocean has been neglected in security studies in terms of its necessity, cooperation measures, and policy alternatives. Global warming and climate change with inevitable abnormal temperatures are increasing the significant importance of geopolitics and geologics in the Arctic region. The risks of climate change are inherent in uncertainty, ambiguity, and complexity, requiring resilient responses to past lessons and potential future impacts. The international community is paying keen attention to whether the thaw of the Arctic Circle will further cause conflicts and conflicts in human society or a channel of happiness and blessings. Theoretical debates lie in the transition of the international community's operational or coordinated approach to a global governance system centered around hierarchy and anarchy. It is divided into an anarchy system, hierarchical order system, and network-oriented global governance system. Advocates of global governance reject hegemony-oriented hierarchical adjustments and do not support the market or anarchy system where authorities are absent. It refers to a form of instrument in which the autonomy and participation of various actors through a more multilateral and horizontal network is guaranteed. This study analyzes the issues and problems of climate change surrounding the Arctic Ocean and seeks international cooperation measures through the establishment of global governance, although it is arguable. It contains that Arctic sea governance is not only pushing for a norm to be prepared in advance in the era of the opening of the Arctic route, but also for a survival strategy that can determine the future fate of global society.