Donor Site Outcomes Following Autologous Breast Reconstruction with DIEP Flap: A Retrospective and Prospective Study in a Single Institution

被引:1
|
作者
Fan, Stacy [1 ]
Kim, Stephanie [1 ]
Farrokhi, Kaveh [2 ]
Deng, Dianna [2 ]
Laurignano, Laryssa [2 ]
Box, Devin [2 ]
Grant, Aaron [1 ]
Appleton, Sarah [1 ]
DeLyzer, Tanya [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Western Univ, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, London, ON, Canada
[2] Western Univ, Schulich Sch Med & Dent, London, ON, Canada
[3] London Hlth Sci Ctr, Victoria Hosp Campus,Room E2, London 648, ON, Canada
关键词
Autologous breast reconstruction; donor site outcomes; DIEP breast reconstruction; reconstruction mammaire autologue; ré sultats au foyer du donneur; reconstruction mammaire par l'AÉ IP; EPIGASTRIC PERFORATOR FLAP; PEDICLED TRAM FLAPS; RISK-FACTORS; COMPLICATIONS; METAANALYSIS; MORBIDITY; THERAPY;
D O I
10.1177/22925503241255118
中图分类号
R61 [外科手术学];
学科分类号
摘要
Background: The deep inferior epigastric perforator artery (DIEP) free flap is the most commonly performed autologous breast reconstruction. Despite the relative reduction in donor site complications compared to nonmuscle-sparing options, there is still high morbidity associated with this surgery. The purpose of this study is to compare outcomes and complications at our institution and to discuss potential quality improvement initiatives. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed looking at patients who underwent delayed or immediate autologous breast reconstruction with a DIEP flap over a 6-year period (2015-2021) at our institution. Complication rates for abdominal infection, seroma, hematoma, wound dehiscence, delayed wound healing, umbilical necrosis, subjective abdominal weakness, abdominal bulge, and hernia were calculated. Additionally, a prospective cohort study was conducted using a portable ultrasound device to detect postoperative changes in the abdominal donor site, including fluid collections and postoperative edema. Results: One hundred seventeen patients underwent autologous breast reconstruction with a DIEP-free flap. Forty-one percent of patients experienced 1 or more donor site complications. Complication rates were 16.2%, 12.8%, 1.7%, 15.4%, 8.5%, 4.3%, 0%, 10.3%, and 2.6%, respectively, for the list above. There was a higher proportion of complications in patients who smoked within the past 3 months and those who had a body mass index (BMI) between 35 and 39.9, although this was not statistically significant. Bilateral reconstructions had higher rates of umbilical necrosis (24.5% vs 7.8%) and wound dehiscence (9.4% vs 0%) compared to unilateral. Twenty-one patients were included in the prospective analysis. No significant changes in abdominal wall edema were found. Twenty-four percent of the patients had detectible collections on ultrasound, and these were associated with wound dehiscence and the need for debridement. Discussion: Our institutional abdominal donor site complication rates in DIEP reconstruction patients are higher than those published in the literature. Similar complication rates were identified regardless of smoking status, BMI, and unilateral/bilateral surgery. Quality improvement initiatives could be considered and implemented to reduce future complications. Historique: Le lambeau libre de l'artè re é pigastrique infé rieure profonde (AÉ IP) est le plus utilisé pour la reconstruction mammaire autologue. Malgré la ré duction relative des complications au foyer du donneur par rapport aux options sans é pargne musculaire, cette opé ration entraî ne tout de mê me une morbidité é levé e. La pré sente é tude visait à comparer les ré sultats et les complications à l'é tablissement des chercheurs et à exposer les initiatives potentielles d'amé lioration de la qualité. Mé thodologie: Les chercheurs ont ré alisé une é tude de cohorte ré trospective auprè s de patientes qui ont subi une reconstruction mammaire autologue immé diate ou tardive au moyen d'un lambeau de l'AÉ IP sur une pé riode de six ans (2015 à 2021) à leur é tablissement. Ils ont calculé les taux de complication par infection abdominale, sé rome, hé matome, dé hiscence de plaie, retard de la cicatrisation, né crose ombilicale, faiblesse abdominale, renflement abdominal ou hernie. De plus, ils ont effectué une é tude de cohorte prospective au moyen d'un systè me d'é chographie portatif pour dé celer les changements postopé ratoires au foyer abdominal du donneur, y compris la collecte de liquide et l'oe dè me postopé ratoire. Ré sultats: Au total, 117 patientes ont subi une reconstruction mammaire autologue par lambeau libre de l'AÉ IP. Ainsi, 41% des patientes ont subi au moins une complication au foyer du donneur. Par rapport à la liste pré cé dente, les taux de complication correspondaient à 16.2%, 12.8%, 1.7%, 15.4%, 8.5%, 4.3%, 0%, 10.3% et 2.6%, respectivement. La proportion de complications é tait plus é levé e chez les patientes qui avaient fumé dans les trois mois pré cé dents et chez ceux dont l'indice de masse corporelle se situait entre 35 et 39,9, mê me si cette observation n'é tait pas statistiquement significative. Les reconstructions bilaté rales é taient associé es à un plus fort taux de né crose ombilicale (24.5% par rapport à 7.8%) et de dé hiscence des plaies (9.4% par rapport à 0%) que les reconstructions unilaté rales. Dans l'ensemble, 21 patientes ont participé à l'analyse prospective. Les chercheurs n'ont observé aucun changement important à l'oe dè me de la paroi abdominale. Par ailleurs, 24% des patientes avaient des é panchements dé celables à l'é chographie, associé s à une dé hiscence des plaies et à la né cessité d'un dé bridement. Discussion: Le taux de complications au foyer abdominal du donneur chez les patientes qui ont subi une reconstruction par AÉ IP est plus é levé dans l'é tablissement des chercheurs que celui indiqué dans les publications scientifiques. Les chercheurs ont dé terminé des taux de complication semblables quels que soient le tabagisme, l'indice de masse corporelle et la chirurgie unilaté rale ou bilaté rale. On pourrait envisager et mettre en oe uvre des initiatives d'amé lioration de la qualité pour ré duire les futures complications.
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