Sustainable production of mortar with partial replacement of the fine aggregate by powdered carton packs

Post-consumer carton packaging has the potential to be utilized as raw material in the manufacturing of new products. This research analyzed the performance of partially replacing fine aggregate with Powdered Carton Packaging Waste (PCPW) in mortar development through of collection, preparation, and milling of carton packaging, as well as the characterization of raw materials. Reference and experimental compositions were defined, followed by the execution of technological tests and analysis of the results. X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the by-product, PCPW, through chemical analysis. A reference ratio of 1:6 between the volume of cement and fine aggregate was adopted, while Experimental Compositions were determined with substitutions of 5%, 10%, and 15% of the aggregate volume with PCPW. These compositions were molded and tested using five cylindrical specimens per composition. The produced material exhibited consistency within normative parameters. The strengths of the three compositions with replacement fell within the range of 7.57 MPa, 6.52 MPa, and 6.07 MPa, respectively. Water Absorption by Immersion showed satisfactory results. SEM analysis of the fractured surfaces revealed the presence of empty spaces and microfissures in the samples with the highest percentages of PCPW.