Unraveling the interplay of human decisions and flood risk: An agent-based modeling approach

Flooding is a frequent and highly destructive natural disaster that requires effective flood management policies. This paper addresses the limitations of traditional flood risk assessment methods, focusing on the interplay between human decisions and flood risk using an integrated approach. Agent -Based Modeling (ABM) is employed to capture the social behavior of government, households, and farmers in three flood management scenarios. The study is conducted in the Fall River watershed, Idaho, USA, over a 30 -year period. The results highlight the important influence of crop selection decisions on flood damage outcomes, with alfalfa emerging as the preferred crop due to its profitability and lower damage potential (around 67 % crop loss compared to more than 81 % for crops like corn, barley, and wheat). The levee scenario is identified as the most effective strategy, significantly reducing flood damage by more than 37 % and generating the highest average annual profit for farmers. The study emphasizes the need for comprehensive flood risk management strategies that address both frequent and rare flood occurrences in mitigating flood damage and promoting community resilience. By integrating human -flood interactions into flood risk assessment, this study offers valuable insights for Policymakers and stakeholders can utilize the research implications to develop effective strategies that mitigate damage and enhance community resilience.