Awareness About Osteoporosis Among the General Population Based on the Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool (OKAT): A Cross-Sectional Study in the Northern Border Region of Saudi Arabia

Objective: Osteoporosis is a progressive systemic skeletal disease characterized by increasing susceptibility to fractures. The current study was conducted to assess the awareness about osteoporosis among the general population in the Northern Border region of Saudi Arabia to improve awareness and proper planning for public awareness about osteoporosis. Methods: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional survey study, based on the online distribution of the Arabic -translated Osteoporosis Knowledge Assessment Tool (OKAT). The questionnaire questions cover the demographic characteristics of the participants, as well as symptoms, risk factors, prevention, and knowledge of treatment centers for osteoporosis in Saudi Arabia. Results: 395 participants were enrolled in the study after their informed consenting. After scoring all correct answers for each participant, the mean score of all participants' answers was 12.5 +/- 3.4 (range 0-19). Participants with poor knowledge (0-7 scores), moderate knowledge (8-13 scores), and good knowledge (1320 scores) represent 61 (15.4%), 213 (53.9%), and 121 (30.6%), respectively. The mean percentage of right answers to all the questions is 44.1%. The highest awareness level was shown in the area of osteoporosis symptoms and risk of fractures, while the lowest was recorded in the questions covering the risk factors. Ages, genders, jobs, and levels of education significantly affected the participants' levels of awareness. Conclusion: The public awareness among the population in the Northern Border region about osteoporosis is less than satisfactory. More awareness activities targeting the risky groups should be planned especially in the area of risk factors and preventive measures for osteoporosis.