Analytical calculation of specific heat for superfluid Fermi liquids with spin-triplet anisotropic p-wave pairing at finite temperatures

The analytical expressions for specific heat of superfluid Fermi liquids (SFL) with spin-triplet anisotropic p-wave pairing of the3He-A type are derived within the framework of generalized Fermi-liquid approach at low temperatures 0 c0(n) as well as near phase transition temperature Tc0(n) from normal to superfluid phase in the limit of zero magnetic field. Besides superfluid3He-A, we study also dense superfluid neutron matter (SNM) with anisotropic spin-triplet p-wave pairing (similar to3He-A) at subnuclear (n 0, where n0 = 0.17 fm−3 is nuclear density) and supranuclear densities (n > n0) taking into account generalized Skyrme forces (with additional terms dependent on density n). At low finite temperatures (0 c0(n)) we have obtained the asymptotic expansion for the specific heat CSNM(SFL)(T,n) for SNM (or SFL) which consists of two terms: the first one is the main term which is proportional to T3 (it is known for the3He-A in the limit T → 0) and the second is additional term which behaves as T5 and may attain several percent of the main term. The analytical formula was derived also for specific heat CSNM(SFL)(T,n) at temperatures near Tc0(n). The obtained functions CSNM (T,n) (valid for arbitrary parametrization of the effective Skyrme interaction in neutron matter) are specified then for SNM with generalized BSk21 parametrization of the Skyrme forces and figures are plotted at subnuclear and supranuclear densities on the interval 0.10c0(n) and in the vicinity of the Tc0(n). These results may be interesting for the physics of neutron stars in relation with the problem of their cooling (due to existence of neutrons with spin-triplet anisotropic pwave pairing inside dense liquid outer cores of NSs). © 2019 Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering. All Rights Reserved.