SnO2/Sn/Carbon nanohybrid lithium-ion battery anode with high reversible capacity and excellent cyclic stability

Ultrafine SnO2/Sn nanoparticles encapsulated into the adjustable mesoporous carbon matrix has been successfully fabricated by a facile route. The mesoporous carbon effectively improve the conductivity of the SnO2/Sn, prevent the aggregation, accommodate the strain of volume change and provide high interface area with the electrolyte, thus resulting in excellent cycling performance. A reversible capacity of 1105 mAh g(-1) still retained after 290 cycles at 200 mA g(-1), and the capacity still can keep at 107 mAh g(-1) at high current density of 10 A g(-1). The porous structures by the in situ SiOx template provide an appropriate specific surface area, which contributes to a relatively high capacitive contribution.