IMMUNITY AND ERROR-CORRECTION - SYSTEM-DESIGN FOR ORGANIZATIONAL DEFENSE

The boundary subsystem of a living system protects the components of the system from environmental stresses, filtering inputs and outputs of various sorts of matter. energy, and information. The boundary provides several layers of protection; the innermost layer is the subsystem of immunity reactions and error correction processes. This immunity subsubsystem (IS) is generated by the genetic template in cells, organs, and organisms but must be carefully designed for organizations, communities, and societies. This paper examines principles and pathologies of IS structure and process in organisms and explores their applicability to the design of the IS for organizations.