AN INSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS OF SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT IN INDIA

The potential increase in demand for wireless data and Internet services is likely to put stress on wireless networks, both in developed and emerging countries. Spectrum, an essential national resource for commercial mobile services, needs to be allocated, assigned, and managed appropriately within the extant institutional framework in respective countries. Spectrum has varied uses apart from commercial mobile services, especially in defense and national security. Williamson's fourlayer model of institutions consisting of (a) values and norms, (b) institutional rules, (c) governance structure, and (d) the transactions is used to understand and analyze the aspects of spectrum management specific to India.