TECHNIQUE FOR REMOVAL OF LEFT-VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES

As the use of long-term implantable left ventricular assist devices increases, more surgeons will be required to remove the devices for transplantation or in the event of infection, We outline several maneuvers that facilitate device removal and several pitfalls that complicate the procedure. Important considerations include preventive measures at the time of device implantation and prevention of air embolism.