Virtual three-dimension reconstruction of Sidu

Objective Aim to create a three-dimension (3D) reconstruction of acupuncture needling at Sidu. Methods First, the skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscles, the blood vessels and nerves near TE 9 were defined in anatomical terms. Second, the above anatomical structures including the dissected muscles associated with at TE 9, the underlying blood vessels and nerves were reconstructed in 3D. Third, the process of acupuncturing TE 9 on a virtual human body was simulated using the VQXEL-MAN technology. Results Both the local anatomy of the point and the process of acupuncture needling at TE 9 were reconstructed. Different layers of tissues were visualized during the process of needling, as the needle was inserted and manipulated at the point. Conclusions Virtual 3D reconstruction can contribute to research on the anatomical structure of acupoints and the visualization of the acupoints. We recommend that it be fully utilized in acupuncture research.