Eco-labels: a sustainability performance in benchmarking?

Purpose - The aim of this paper is to map and analyse the state of the art of eco-energy labelling and its potential as a fundamental component in the transition process towards eco-sustainability. Design/methodology/approach - A detailed scenario of trends in eco-energy labelling systems, both on an international and European Union scale are outlined, followed by identification and analysis of the key representative experiences. Subsequently, the main constraints that limit their full potential as a benchmark and tool of improved customer communication for environmental sustainability have been highlighted and critically analysed. Findings - The full implementation of eco-energy labelling, as a authentic driving force in sustainability building processes, requires the elimination of the critical factors identified. Therefore, standardisation of benchmarking methodologies, based on improved customer information mechanisms regarding qualitative and quantitative indicators, need to implemented. A strong commitment on the part of all participants involved, to define a multi-level framework, capable of promoting a recognised international rating scheme in needed. Practical implications - The most significant implications regard the attempt to classify and coordinate all the information concerning instruments, initiatives, policies and strategies related to eco-sustainability. Originality/value - The paper is a contribution towards pinpointing the current fragmented scenario of eco-energy labelling tools with the aim of re-conducting them into a coherent and more functional whole.