Comparison of None-attendance Interventions Methods of Standardized, Cognitive Bias Modification, Cognitive Bias Modification Based on Self-generation and Cognitive-Behavior Training on Depressed Students

Objectives A recent method that modifies the intrusive memories is cognitive bias modification. This study aimed to investigate and compare the three none-attendance therapies of standardized cognitive bias modification, cognitive bias modification based self-generation and cognitive-behavior training. Methods According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 51 participants were selected via purposive sampling method. Then, they were randomly assigned to either of three groups: standardized cognitive bias modification, self-generation, and cognitive-behavioral training groups. Questionnaires and scales related to mood, interpretation bias, memory bias, positive and negative emotions, and inappropriate attitudes were used as the research instruments. Results Results indicate that all three treatment methods are effective (P<0.01). But, the three groups had no significant differences in mood-related variables (depression signs, mood, positive and negative affect). Regarding the cognitive variables (interpretation bias, positive and negative memory bias, dysfunctional attitudes), interventions were effective, and the groups exhibited significant differences (P<0.01). Conclusion Standardized cognitive bias modification and self-generation through new 4-week procedures serve as effective methods for attenuating depression while improving the states of interpretation bias, inappropriate attitude, and memory.