This paper analyses the mechanisms of contractual arrangements between the employers and agricultural labourers in the specific context of some east Indian villages (in Orissa), by taking into account the type of crops grown, prevailing technology and other characteristics of economic and social environments including external interventions such as in migration of labour, enterprising farmers and state intervention. The emphasis is on examining the way contractual arrangements cope with or adjust to the process of change and its implications in terms of mode of payment and contractual enforcement.