Rapid Orbit-to-Orbit Transfer to Asteroid 4660 Nereus Using Solar Electric Propulsion

This paper analyzes the rapid rendezvous trajectory of a spacecraft equipped with an advanced solar electric propulsion system towards asteroid 4660 Nereus. In this context, a set of possible minimum-time orbit-to-orbit transfer trajectories is calculated by modeling the propulsion system performance characteristics on those of NASA's Evolutionary Xenon Thruster-Commercial (NEXT-C). In particular, the actual NEXT-C ion engine throttle table is used to calculate the optimal thrust control law that ensures the flight time is minimized for an assigned value for the spacecraft's initial mass and the reference (electric) power at the beginning of the transfer. A baseline scenario that considers the actual inertial characteristics of the NASA's DART spacecraft is analyzed in detail, and a parametric study is proposed to evaluate the transfer performance as a function of the main design parameters as, for example, the spacecraft's initial mass and the reference power.