Childbearing beyond 40: Exploring the psychological state of expectant women through qualitative research

This study explores the psychological state of middle-aged women who conceived through assisted reproductive technology, focusing on improving their antenatal mental health. The study employed a qualitative research design, utilizing an in-depth interview method to gather data from 16 expectant mothers in middle adulthood. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling applying the maximum variance technique, and data analysis was conducted using an inductive interpretive phenomenology approach. The qualitative analysis yielded 12 subthemes, grouped into two main themes: the psychological consequences and advantages of middle-aged pregnancy. The study revealed that regret, guilt, parental concerns, anticipatory anxiety, past trauma, and health-related anxiety contribute to psychological distress, while dissipation from childlessness, emotional preparedness, and support during life stages positively impact mental health. Antenatal care, prenatal counseling, spousal support, and education may help women mitigate distress and fully enjoy their pregnancy.